the term cosmic classic has been banded around increasingly in the last decade, with its modern disco retake, thankfully, soon running out of steam. however, in michael chapmans lescudjack we see the genius of daniele baldelli in finding obscure records that do not fit the traditional dance floor and making them work.

high class disco uplifting banger

favorite recordings proudly presents this new official single reissue of “music madness” by beckie bell: a killer disco anthem produced in 1980 by famous french producer, pierre “berjot” jaubert.
“music madness” is a brilliant disco track from beckie bell’s rare album, in need of… after highlighting it in an extended version, on the compilation french disco boogie sounds (2015), favorite recordings decided to reissue this killer song on a proper 12 inch single. the package including the original album version and two hot remixes by tom noble and voilaaa.

prolific italian dj and producer josé manuel releases his debut concept album excursion africanism on the highly respected copenhagen based music for dreams label.
excursion africanism is a visionary concept album written, produced, and arranged by josé manuel that succeeds in combining a sense of balearic beats, world music and afro acid within a template of space disco. don t miss...

re-issue of a 1984 italo-disco classic.

detroits brainstorm have achieved cult status as a group among underground disco, soul and boogie aficionados worldwide. hot for you lifted from their 3rd lp from 1979 has always been a huge record for the more discerning disco jocks, those who like to dig a little deeper to find the gems. a real dancefloor burner that found favour with everyone from larry levan to daniele baldelli after it s original release. the same can be said for journey to the light, another anthemic slice of midtempo michigan soul that was hugely popular in london on its infamous -rare groove- scene, pirate radio stations and beyond. lifted from the bands second lp and oozing class journey is a stellar cut, truly essential! both of these tracks on one 12- already make this an essential release for any real soul head, but the fact that the versions featured here are private re-edits from one of the true masters of the game s private vaults makes it utterly unmissable. yes, thats right - danny krivit, disco royalty, a true pioneer and re-edit trailblazer adding his unique touch to these incredible pieces of music make this a particularly hot biscuit. danny has kindly opened up his archive and in conjunction with tabu / demon music group brings us these amazing reworkings. both tracks have been lovingly edited and tweaked by mr.k himself with dj s and dancers in mind. 100% legit!

arnold jarvis take some time out was first released in 1987, the year that fourth floor records was born, and it stands the test of time as a seminal release for the label. the track perfectly characterises the stand out productions that keep the house music world returning again and again to its catalogue for inspiration. this official vinyl re-issue includes the club and dub that made up the original release, plus a reconstruction mix by ilija rudman. ilija delighted classic music company earlier this year with his minimal take on disco in track in her eyes. his approach to the take some time out re-work has the same deconstructed vibe the loose percussion and punchy melodic bass gives a pleasing spaciousness to the track, giving the record fresh life and re-imagining it for 2016

having previously worked with zero 7 and nightmares on wax before embarking on a solo career a few years back, mozez (aka soul singer/songwriter osmond wright) is no newcomer. the ray mang-produced run river first appeared on last year s wings full-length, and here makes it to wax for the first time. sitting somewhere between early freeez and odyssey, mang s extended vocal version is something of a soulful, soft-spun disco-funk treat. as we ve come to expect from mang, its musically rich and impeccably played, with the live instrumentation providing a deliciously organic feel. this can be heard more clearly on the excellent flipside instrumental.

ali renaults vivod label continues to bring the goods, as recent missives from skatebard and monkeyshop (their first release of any sort for 11 years) emphatically prove. the imprints latest release comes from newcomer paul withey, who follows up a fine contribution to a recent split e.o on ruby hills & diamond mountain, with a debut solo e.p of his own. the five tracks featured are nicely varied stylistically, but all boast the distinctive shimmer of analogue synthesizers and dusty drum machines. highlights include the surging italo-disco revivalism of -pallas-, cheerily positive synth-pop flex of -yes master-, and the curious, radiophonic workshop style weirdness of -beneath the surface-.

wall of fame s 5th release features a cast of producers from the 4 corners of the world. deep disco vibes throughout. dj feedback: fingerman - -amazing ep- emskee - -some really great mixes- dj moar - - love be still s lil jazzy vibe-

the grooves of thomas white and pete williams aka natural rhythm, have been a mainstay in the sets of robsoul boss phil weeks for more than a decade. today he pays ‘tribute’ with a special re-release of some of his favourites. born in a garage in the late 90’s, natural rhythm was a meeting of passionate musical minds. working together the pair sought to create their own style and sound, influenced by the tracks they were regularly spinning in their own dj sets across the country. creative sampling and their own raw beats, together with live instrumentation and regular guest vocalists, saw natural rhythm create a strong catalogue that, as we know, are still getting played today. with three albums and over 35 ep/single releases to their name, there more than enough music for label boss weeks to select from for the tribute ep. a tough job? of course. however, phil went straight for the four that never leave his box. leading the ep are the sun-drenched vocal vibes of ‘something big’, the title track of natural rhythm’s 1999 release on under the counter. our a2 is the lead track from 2001’s last call at the martini ranch ep, ‘chicago nights’, with its quaking bassline and disco dalliance. on the flip we’re treated to a choice selection from natural rhythm’s 1999 double album contrast in nature. first up with its celestial chimes and thumping kick is ‘smoldering island’, taken from the original part 1. closing the tribute release and taken from part 2 is the devilishly funky and suitably titled feelgood jam ‘energized’. we definitely are!

eyetone returns with 005 which deviates away from the exploratory vibes probed in the previous release which was well received and instead shifts right back with intent for the dance floor. an ep which is very much a greek affair, featuring two deep, dubby cuts from la based greek producer maheras and a special extended techno piece by newcomer to the scene artemis soy. maheras sound spits a hybrid of sounds that range from dark techno, groovy disco and soulful house. expanding his personal style by working under new aliases with talented vocalists and collaborating in projects such as cazion and plastic love, maheras continues to explore the vast sphere of electronic music without any limits.

deeplay / opilec music offers up three new versions of a classic and previously unreleased (on 12inch at least) disco-fried giorgio moroder track in the form of utopia - me giorgio. ltd coloured edition

dam swindle cap off a blazing summer as they return home to their own heist recordings and in doing so present a landmark 12inch to add to their blooming catalogue. this is their first addition to the label since the hugely successful in reverse ep and it comes as a package that fans both old and new will relish: a jubilant record melding the most groove­laden strands of disco, funk, soul and house.

excellent selection with disco / soul classics on double vinyl in gatefold sleeve.

finnitus edits re-emerges with a second edition of quirky disco poppers!
from the cramped lan party in your parents basement and into the epic vastness of the savannah, this afro-italo-weirdo disco release follows where #1 left off:
high energy percussion on the a side and the magical combination of banging italo beats and wisdom on the flip
private press - dinked 7 inch - 300 copies only - no digita

pair of fresh cuts from portuguese disco-duo cisco cisco on apersonal music. continuing the love saga that started with -if you want me- and later with -higher- now they uncover two versions of the same single, jazzy days and nights.

nearly three years after the last split 12inch from dungeon meat and se62, my love is underground is finally back in action with an expansive doublepack of essential cuts from a wide range of producers that reaffirm the label s status as one of the leading exponents of classically rooted deep house music. with previous releases including brawther, the nathaniel x project and kool vibe, jeremy undergrounds label has done much to keep the heart and soul of real house music relevant in the 21st century. this new compilation follows in a long line of showcase releases from my love is underground, giving a platform to new talent as well as championing old favourites of the label. mid 90s legends teflon dons make a welcome return, franck roger represents the lasting legacy of parisian house music and uk mainstay tristan da cunha brings the goods in a break from his dungeon meat project. elsewhere hugo lx represents the new generation, fresh from a release on courtesy of balance, while malin genie has been rapidly building up a reputation on will & ink and lazare hoche. dj steaw has been spotted on traxx underground and rutilance, and ebony cuts returns after a debut on kojak giant sounds last year

after a summer of trips around the globe to play at croatian festivals, balinese beach clubs and a variety of underground establishments, pedro & dicky deliver the latest episode on their own paradise row label. the ep fuses their love of disco, house, italo and balearic sounds and is a proper party-starting, medium sized player with tracks that are ripe for most dance floor moments and occasions. the up-for-it, head-nodding arps and discoid thrills of dance to love get things going in style. while the chunky house and barbarellas inspired vibes of i think i can feel something will really get you moving. this one has been going down a storm in the clubs this summer. and finally, things come to a grande finale with perfecto , which cooks up italian influences with ma foombey style longings to make for a sound as balearic as large hierbas on ice. perfecto!

secret crunch is a label fresh out of the oven run by fellow vienna-based artists roman rauch and moony me. both musicaly rooted in hiphop, soul, funk and disco and expressing themselves mainly through house music, it was just a matter of time until they first colaborated together. thoughts about releasing their output together through an own label came naturally soon after. the first release of secret crunch is a pure collaboration between them plus two additional remixes – one by gnork and another by medlar & ishmael

most excellent unlimiteds series of 45s celebrating the 45th year of danny krivits career continues with a blast of two heavyweight cuts that, to borrow the parlance of the era from which they came, are bonafide sure shots. wood, brass & steels *funkanova* a jazz-funk masterpiece and loft classic that was liberally sampled in the house world (black science orchestra, terrence parker, the bucketheads), is pared down to its most joyous elements. from the intro, a typical krivit maestros detail of an opening bass slide prefacing hands-in-the-air cascades of iconic horns and keys, to the echo of the last notes, its a perfect edit immaculately tailored for dj usage. the flip delves deeper into new york city dance history with a rough and rugged beat- down of a proto-disco, b-boy classic: boobie knight & the universal ladys * sex*. displaying his usual knack of going straight for the jugular, krivit takes the songs siren-call-to-the-dance floor horn riff as his starting point, peeling off another layer to the floor-shaking bass and drums before bringing it all back to the top with a perfectly placed drum roll that will have flash disciples fiending for doubles. solidifying this blazing double-sider is the fact that neither of these essential cuts has ever appeared in seven-inch form. another most excellent unlimited sure shot!

recorded in one take after a trip to the zoo last autumn, here is the first new track from the undisputed king of home-disco. superstar. check that b-side too. home recorded vocals straight from the heart, with the brooding braindance synths. tip for the boombox crew! limited edition. as hypnotic and floor-shaking as ever, keep on rocking keeps you on your toes through twists and turns, focused on a central mantra, it is what jamie principle s fathers lullaby might have sounded if had tried to put his son to sleep with his best impression of michael jackson and leroy burgess. the b-side is a powerhouse reimagining turned to a delightful 11 from the mysterious dj im sorry.

soul jazz records’ new nigeria soul fever is their first release to explore the vast wealth of nigerian music recorded in the 1970s. the new album comes with introductory sleevenotes by bill brewster (author of last night a dj saved my life).
packed-full with afro-funk, disco and boogie all from nigeria, this triple album set brings together a stunning collection of diverse west african sounds. whilst a small handful of the artists featured (joni haastrup, tee mac, christy essien) have seen the light of day outside africa, this is essentially a collection of killer tracks by an array of artists completely unknown outside of nigeria.

schwarzes doppel-vinyl im klappcover, downloadcode inklusive.
die entstehung von “and the anonymous nobody” hat einige jahre gedauert. es war der wunsch der band ein sample-basiertes album aufzunehmen im stile von “3 feet high and rising”. um zum ziel zu gelangen, nahmen de la soul über 300 stunden musik in den verschiedensten stilen auf - von bossa nova über soul, hiphop, funk, disco bis zu reggae - und erschufen so ihr eigenes arsenal an instrumental-alben, aus denen sie samplen konnten.
ein weiteres wichtiges merkmal von “and the anonymous nobody” sind die zahlreichen gast-feature, die dem album noch mal eine enorme vielschichtigkeit geben. die liste der gastmusiker auf “and the anonymous nobody” ist entsprechend illuster wie spannend: damon albarn, david byrne, snoop dogg, usher, 2chainz, pete rock, justin hawkins, jill scott, estelle und roc marciano - sie alle leisten ihren beitrag zum neuen album von de la soul.

ltd 7 inch release with pure disco / funk dope

having bared his ego back in may 2015 and then more of his skills on a contribution to the robsoul edits collection earlier this year, long time label buddy joss moog returns with a fresh selection of beats on ’triple loop’. belying its name, we’re treated to four new sure shots from moog who, reknowned in the art of sculpting perfect party jams, has delivered once again. the stripped and simple vocal loop of the title track opens the ep, followed by the warm, buzzing bass and smooth jazzy keys of ‘etincelles’. on the flip the frenchman funks things up and breaks out the snares. disco stabs, vocal drops and rasping hats are all woven together to emphasise the classic groove. these are the breaks… amen. back on the 4x4 to close and josh lets the piano lead the dance on the smooth and soulful finalé of his latest robsoul treat.

following the well acclaimed comeback on bosconi -gang of fools ep- and the releases on robsoul and vibraphone, fabio della torre and ennio colaci aka minimono strike again with a double release that might be considered as a split album in 2 vinyl records named -theory of strings-.first of two eps starts with the chuggy, jazzy and edgy vibe of -get the groove-, an intelligent partial rework of an underground disco-not-disco old gem. second cut gets more funky-filtered, bouncing and suspended with the fresh broken atmosphere of -back in dc- .on the b side fabio and ennio go back to jazziness adding more broken grooves, some twisted rhodes solo goodness and a persistent hypnotic driving feel to the track -actually-, and then ending this first part with another smooth filtered and toolish winner for the summer called meningi. mind the strings and wait for the second part!

next up on nang we are pleased to bring a really positive 3 year association with west country, uk based collective situation to a fruitful crescendo. after 4 singles, numerous remixes and a couple of beach disco mixes we are extremely proud to present the sister release “revisions” to the debut album from situation “visions”. this vinyl release features the remix highlights of the situation album and some brand new exclusive remixes to boot.

two massive unreleased 12&#8243,,, inch disco bangers from the obscure florida band fruit, cut loud and deep like a true disco 12 should be. the fruit band’s fleeting existence was only recently revealed by the discovery of a few unsold copies of their sole 1978 7&#8243,,, single, say it, which quickly became a cult showpiece for savvy djs and collectors.

keita sano is back in the house. this time our man in japan comes through with two sample-heavy stompers, fully primed for peak-time at the disco. pow! pow!

limited first pressing of 500 numbered copies on yellow 180 gram vinyl, including 4 page booklet and housed in a pvc protective sleeve.
pelé: birth of a legend tells the miraculous story of the legendary soccer player’s rise to glory from a young boy, to the 17 year old who scored the winning goal in brazil’s first ever world cup victory in 1958. from a life full of disadvantages and an impoverished youth in brazil, pelé used his unorthodox yet authentic style of play and his unbeatable spirit to overcome all odds, find greatness and inspire a country that he changed forever.
the original motion picture soundtrack, comprised of several styles of latin music, is composed by the indian composer, singer-songwriter, music producer, musician, multi-instrumentalist and philanthropist a.r. rahman (slumdog millionaire). described as the world s most prominent and prolific film composer by time, his works are notable for integrating eastern classical music with electronic music sounds, world music genres and traditional orchestral arrangements. rahman won many awards including two academy awards, two grammy awards, a bafta award, a golden globe and four national film awards.

having made an appearance on the label’s first release, jawgoh aka nick jorgensen is welcomed back to centre source with his full production debut, “serenity now, insanity later”. four club-ready cuts that move between disco, house and jazz. this one’s packed with proper late summer vibes.

from the deep percussive work of chris gray owner of the legendary label deep4life to the atmospheric house of chakaharta all the way to deep techno and chicago inspired house grooves from dan piu dating back from late 90’s.

stockholm-based imprint swedish brandy productions serves up a sultry four track v/a 12 inch with deep and soulful gems. first out on the a side you get the track * legs lover*. equipped with yamaha rs-7000, moog rouge and roland juno 106, moscow based house and techno purist and producer harry light gives us an uncompromising old school deep house groover with crisp pounding beats, stuttering chords and distinct catchy hooks. harry light has previous releases on labels such as artreform, pro-tez and beef to name a few. the a side ends off with the post-disco sounding killer track “overland & sea” by london based producer and dj dan westlake aka westlake72. dan’s sound borrows liberally from the history of club and dance music, mixing and matching eras to create his own contemporary sonic palette, sighting the early and mid 80 s new york post-disco producers such as darryl payne and paul simpson in particular as key influences. on the flip side soultechnic aka deejaykul delivers the deep and classy track “addicted”. rául navarette, the man behind both aliases, has been holding it down since the late 80 s, releasing music on labels like atjazz record company, z records, peng, del, basic fingers and xtrasolar records, and remixing great artists like opolopo, the rurals, gregory del piero, kenny bobien, monday michiru, monodeluxe, diviniti and many more.

munich based pair jorkes are something of an enigma, having appeared on the scene recently with a fully formed sound and a desire to let their music do the speaking for them. musically the duo seem to be operating with few boundaries, looking to express their emotional states through their music with scant consideration for styles or genres. this latest release sees jorkes team up with fellow munich resident and vocalist karol schmejchel to deliver a slice of evocative, slo-mo nu-disco. the release kicks of with the original mix of thank you, marrying chugging drums and warm bass with stirring pads and the emotionally charged vocals of schmejchel. its a perfect track for dark backrooms and home lounging alike. the remix comes from manchester trio menage a trois who deliver a sonical beautiful reworking built around heartwrenching keys and heavily reverbed guitar parts. simple understated drums carrying the record along as their vocal treatment soars towards the heavens, this is sublime stuff. the vinyl release will also feature an exclusive instrumental of the menage a trois mix for those who like things a little more stripped back. in keeping with jorkes creative outlook, and following on from their previous release, there will be an exclusive music video of thank you forthcoming which is likely to set pulses racing once again! thanks for purchasing a real copy!

what happens when one of the most exciting electronic music projects of the last fifteen years meets the pioneer of cosmic disco? the result is stunning and with no doubt one of the most interesting things we have heard in a while. psycho radio was born in 2002 from an idea of the italian producer daniele tignino and sound engineer pat legato, with vocals from british singer leroy c anderson. they burst in the music scene with an innovative sound that took inspiration from the 80 s new wave, funk and electro grooves. tracks like in the undergroun and right stuff brought a breath of fresh air in those years, and they still sound very actual today. 2016 has seen the addition of producer da lukas to the project, with psycho radio now back with an explosive new single called bad reputation. once again with the captivating vocals by lc anderson. the legendary disco innovator daniele baldelli teams up once again with marco dionigi to bring us two stellar remixes that move from the funk infused vibe to their trademark cosmic balearic journey. an essential record for the final summer days.

at last! this one took literally years to piece together. does dennis bovell need an introduction? i think not but in case you dont know, he is a musical polymath, top flight producer, dub legend and one of the finest artists the uk has ever produced. optimo music has worked with dennis before when he went into green door studios and dubbed out golden teacher to the max. this disco plate ep was already in the works before then but various circumstances caused it to take until now to see the light of day

chicagos peven everett has long had a cult following for his own unique, live take on house music. fusing the finest elements of gospel, soul, funk and disco his tracks have always had something that most other producers lack originality! his music has crossed over many different genre barriers and has been supported by the widest selection of top dj s for many years with his cuts becoming stone cold anthems in clubs across the globe. i cant believe i loved her is one such track, a soulful piece lamenting a love that went wrong, the pain and disappointment are evident in peven s voice and playing but the track remains utterly danceable, a real bomb! on it s original 2002 release the track was a huge club hit, pushing it into classic status. both original mixes are featured here on this legit reissue, 100% sanctioned by king street records, nyc. brought back for 2016, an evergreen deep house classic essential business!

northern disco general and machine music lover craig bratley is back with a firing new ep on his own magic feet label. it features one track from him with danielle moore from crazy p, plus a remix from andrew weatherall and one from heretic. bratley operates on the freakier end of the disco dancefloor, with weird electronics and raw jacking grooves propping up his analogue sounds. he has released on andrew weatherall s bird scarer, has put out a fine album on tsuba and hosts his own kaleidoscopic show on leeds kmah radio, so is an accomplished artist and dj indeed.

marathons began innocently, as a quick debut ep by an energetic swedish duo we found on soundcloud. within a couple months of chatting with the pair, artur bra&#776,,ndstrom and egil kahlbom, however, we realized our collaboration wasn t going to be simple, so cut and dry, so straightforward, and that s why we find ourselves here, a year after meeting them with a full album, not an in-and-out single, on our hands. what made it complex and intricate, you ask? why d we opt to squeeze eight originals into one long-player, you wonder? well, artur and egil are prolific dudes with fantastic ears and formidable work ethics. a couple of demos quickly sprouted offspring and became four, then six, then ten. rather than fight the arbitrary desire to trim the spread down to a 12inch, we figured we d aim higher and work on a proper album. what we constructed is, in a very classic sense, a long-player. here s that album! it s a sunny, loose, limber, uninhibited boogie through warm disco cuts and wobbly house jams and soulful funk slices. daytime chill-out with a nightclub architecture—or peak hour mayhem with a bright, clearheaded euphoria. marathons swings every which way and suits any mood, so drop that needle and try it on. then repeat, repeat, repeat.

classic jazz and disco influenced deep house by pal joey, released in 2003 on his cabaret imprint. ... ltd 2016 re:issue

nice price deal !!! adam-x should need no introduction as he and his brother, frankie bones, pioneered techno in a post-disco, pre-guiliani, new york city through the late-eighties and onwards past the nineties with countless productions under their belts and throwing renegade parties throughout the 5 boroughs. their record store sonic groove served as a hub for purchasing cutting edge electronic music from across the globe and was a meeting point for likeminded freaks throughout the city.

after about 30 years as techno/house/synth dj, borft now release joakims debut album. you can hear that he really knows what it takes to get your crowd crazy. this record is full off classic (yet bizzarre) house/acid/disco styled stuff and on the entrance track he got company by wonderful vocalist silvia on a classic trip chicago - helsingborg.... check this def. out!!!

rnt reinvents their ever-expanding catalog once again with this collection of remixes of mr. v s seminal early-aughts hip-house track somethin wit jazz. leading the charge is freerange/delusions of grandeur boss jimpster, with a duo of driving, percussion-laden deep house versions. session victim bring the signature quirky soul to their mix, while rnt regular planty herbs goes straight roller-disco!

soul jazz records’ are releasing tee mac’s ‘night illusion’, a lost classic nigerian afro soul meets disco boogie funk album originally released in nigeria in 1980 as a private-press release of 1000 copies on the enigmatic artists’ own label. impossibly hard to find, the record remains practically unknown outside of nigeria.
soul jazz records are releasing this lost classic nigerian album as a strictly limited-edition 1000 copies worldwide exact-replica artwork reproduction lp (+ sleevenotes + free download).

2016 reissue
some straight up banging mid 90 s gear from drew sky under his skyman alias. one for the dm freaks and collectors alike. direct, dancefloor damaging acid in the shape of -focus- bristles alongside the hyper disco cut-up of -peace of mind-, strictly for the heads! flip the record over to check the insane sax samples in -skoba dee- for maximum confusion in the dance! massive record, pure power all the way through and an essential weapon for the record bag! fully, legit reissue done with the permission and assistance of dance mania records and mr. parris mitchell, chicago usa.

one of the best selectors of reggea, soul, disco and all their derivates delivers a strong release on the bochum based label kalakuta soul records that has found its way to the record bags of all disco djs around the globe. a fine selection of jamaican, french and us relates bangers meticulously edited and mastered to blow both all dancers’ hips and minds away.

really swing is proud to introduce two of the italy s most consistently exciting producersad bourke & raiders of the lost arp on their 10inch series, dropping three funky jazz infused disco gems, vol.9 is dedicated to the magic sound of piero piccioni and his superb collaboration with master italian comedian alberto sordi

channeling the energy echoing off dancefloors along his path, reinier zonneveld has been on a steady slope rolling out dance igniting productions while touring an intricate live set. megacity servant, the artist’s third studio effort, stands as a coherent 16-piece techno outfit tinged with experimental tones while playfully deconstructing classic acid and disco fragments. coming from a classical music background, reiniers style of production ranges from cavernous powertracks to more concise trips subdued with melancholic piano-stemmed soundscapes, rounding up to a signature sound that is evident as it is enveloping. techno mainstay vocalist cari golden makes a notable appearance on things we might have said. having previously teamed up with sonorous names like pan pot, fur coat & coyu, goldens stellar vocals and skillful lyrics shine paired with zonneveld’s production prowess. the production-vox chemistry is instant, as the track mesmerizes from the get go. seizing attention for the full length of the track, the entire arrangement seduces the listener, making for a clamorous earworm. eht unveils a heavy-hitting resolution, as the artist layers on hefty polarizing synths. the cut boasts a powerful arrangement that is unsettling and playful at the same time, diving into dark techno realms. megacity servant makes use of the classic roland sh-101s ability to emit a nearly tridimensional sound ray, unfolding newer details with each listen. the relentless melody, padded with grave synth arrays, establishes a melancholic mood, gradually depicting the auditive struggle of its title-named character.